Lumikizanani nafe kuti mudziwe zambiri za kukula kwake
Mapaipi Opangira Zitsime za Mafuta a API 5CT J55 K55 N80 L80 C90 P110 - Mphamvu Yaikulu, Kukana Kupanikizika Kwambiri, Kukana Kudzikundikira
| Chitoliro cha API 5CT J55 K55 N80 L80 C90 P110 Chopanda Msoko Chitsulo Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda | |
| Magiredi | J55 K55 N80 L80 C90 P110 |
| Mulingo Wofotokozera | PSL1 / PSL2 |
| Makulidwe a M'mimba mwake akunja | 4 1/2" – 20" (114.3mm – 508mm) |
| Kukhuthala kwa Khoma (Ndandanda) | SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, XXH, API yokhazikika yokhazikika |
| Mitundu Yopangira | Wopanda msoko |
| Mtundu wa Mapeto | Mapeto Opanda Ulusi (PE), Olumikizidwa ndi Ulusi & Olumikizidwa (TC), Olumikizidwa ndi Ulusi (pini & bokosi) |
| Kutalika kwa Utali | 5.8m – 12.2m (yosinthika) |
| Zipewa Zoteteza | Zipewa zapulasitiki / Rabala / Matabwa |
| Chithandizo cha Pamwamba | Chophimba Mafuta Chachilengedwe, Chopakidwa Varnish, Chopaka Utoto Wakuda, Choletsa Dzimbiri, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Chophimbidwa ndi Konkriti) CRA Chovala kapena Chokhala ndi Mizere |
| Giredi | C (Kaboni) | Mn (Manganese) | P (Phosphorus) | S (Sulfure) | Si (Silikoni) | Cr (Chromium) | Mo (Molybdenum) | Ni (Nikeli) | Cu (Mkuwa) | Ndemanga |
| J55 | 0.28 payokha | 1.20 payokha | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.25 payokha | – | – | – | – | Zitsime zochepa, zosaya kwambiri |
| K55 | 0.28 payokha | 1.20 payokha | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.25 payokha | – | – | – | – | Zofanana ndi J55 |
| N80 | 0.33 payokha | 1.40 payokha | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.35 pasadakhale | – | – | – | – | Mphamvu yapakati, zitsime zakuya |
| L80 | 0.27–0.33 | 1.25 pazipita | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.25 payokha | Zosankha | Zosankha | – | Zosankha | Pali njira zopewera dzimbiri |
| C90 | 0.30–0.36 | 1.40 payokha | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.30 payokha | Zosankha | Zosankha | – | Zosankha | Zitsime zolimba kwambiri komanso zodzaza ndi mphamvu |
| P110 | 0.28–0.38 | 1.40 payokha | 0.030 pasadakhale | 0.030 pasadakhale | 0.30 payokha | Zosankha | Zosankha | Zosankha | Zosankha | Zitsime zolimba kwambiri, zozama/zothamanga kwambiri |
| Giredi | Mphamvu Yopereka (YS) | Mphamvu Yopereka (YS) | Mphamvu Yokoka (TS) | Mphamvu Yokoka (TS) | Ndemanga |
| ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||
| J55 | 55 | 380 | 75–95 | 515–655 | Zitsime zochepa, zosaya kwambiri |
| K55 | 55 | 380 | 75–95 | 515–655 | Mofanana ndi J55, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri |
| N80 | 80 | 550 | 95–115 | 655–795 | Mphamvu yapakati, zitsime zakuya |
| L80 | 80 | 550 | 95–115 | 655–795 | Pali njira zopewera dzimbiri |
| C90 | 90 | 620 | 105–125 | 725–860 | Zitsime zolimba kwambiri komanso zodzaza ndi mphamvu |
| P110 | 110 | 760 | 125–145 | 860–1000 | Zitsime zolimba kwambiri, zozama/zothamanga kwambiri |
Tchati cha Kukula kwa Chubu cha Chitsulo Chosasemphana cha API 5CT T95
| Chidutswa chakunja (mu / mm) | Kukhuthala kwa Khoma (mu / mm) | Ndandanda / Kuchuluka | Ndemanga |
| 4 1/2" (114.3 mm) | 0.337" – 0.500" (8.56 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 5" (127.0 mm) | 0.362" – 0.500" (9.19 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 5 1/2" (139.7 mm) | 0.375" – 0.531" (9.53 – 13.49 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 6 5/8" (168.3 mm) | 0.432" – 0.625" (10.97 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 7" (177.8 mm) | 0.500" – 0.625" (12.7 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 8 5/8" (219.1 mm) | 0.500" – 0.750" (12.7 – 19.05 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 9 5/8" (244.5 mm) | 0.531" – 0.875" (13.49 – 22.22 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 10 3/4" (273.1 mm) | 0.594" – 0.937" (15.08 – 23.8 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 13 3/8" (339.7 mm) | 0.750" – 1.125" (19.05 – 28.58 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 16" (406.4 mm) | 0.844" – 1.250" (21.44 – 31.75 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 20" (508 mm) | 1.000" – 1.500" (25.4 – 38.1 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
Dinani batani la kumanja
PSL1 = Mulingo woyambira, yoyenera zitsime zamafuta wamba, yokhala ndi zofunikira zochepa zoyesera ndi kuwongolera komanso mtengo wotsika.
PSL2 = Mulingo wapamwamba, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsime zamafuta m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, yokhala ndi zofunikira zolimba pakupanga mankhwala, mawonekedwe a makina, ndi kuwongolera khalidwe.
| Mbali | PSL1 | PSL2 |
| Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala | Kulamulira koyambira | Kulamulira kolimba |
| Katundu wa Makina | Kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi kukakamiza kwachizolowezi | Kukhazikika ndi mphamvu zolimba |
| Kuyesa | Mayeso achizolowezi | Mayeso owonjezera & NDE |
| Chitsimikizo chadongosolo | Kuyankha Mafunso Oyambirira | Kutsata kwathunthu ndi QA yolimba |
| Mtengo | Pansi | Zapamwamba |
| Ntchito Yachizolowezi | Zitsime zokhazikika | Zitsime zozama, zotentha kwambiri, komanso zopanikiza kwambiri |
Chidule:
Machubu achitsulo chosasunthika a API 5CT T95 amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa ntchito zovuta za zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi komwe mphamvu, kulimba, ndi kudalirika ndizofunikira kwambiri.
| Malo Ofunsira | Kufotokozera |
| Chidebe cha Zitsime za Mafuta ndi Gasi | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro champhamvu kwambiri cha zitsime zakuya komanso zakuya kwambiri kuti zithandizire kulimba kwa chitsimecho pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kutentha. |
| Machubu a Mafuta ndi Gasi | Imagwira ntchito ngati mapaipi opangira mafuta ndi gasi, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi amanyamula bwino komanso motetezeka. |
| Ntchito Zobowola | Imathandizira kuboola m'malo ovuta, kuphatikizapo zitsime za HPHT zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi komanso kutentha kwambiri. |
| Zitsime za m'madzi akuya ndi za m'mphepete mwa nyanja | Yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi akuya komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zokoka komanso kukana dzimbiri. |
| Zitsime Zotentha Kwambiri ndi Zotentha Kwambiri | Yoyenera mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri pomwe machubu wamba sangathe kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina ndi kutentha. |
KUKONZEKERA Zipangizo Zosaphika
Kusankha ma billets a carbon steel apamwamba kwambiri.
Kutsimikizira kapangidwe ka mankhwala kuti kakwaniritse zofunikira za mtundu wa T95.
KUTENTHA
Ma billets amatenthedwa mu uvuni mpaka kutentha koyenera (nthawi zambiri 1150–1250°C).
KUBOOLA NDI KUGULITSA
Ma billet otentha amabowoledwa kuti apange chipolopolo chopanda kanthu.
Kenako zipolopolo zimakulungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphero yopanda msoko kuti zifike pa mulifupi wakunja (OD) ndi makulidwe a khoma.
KUCHEPETSA NDI KUTCHULA MAGALIMOTO
Machubu amadutsa m'mafakitale ochepetsa kufalikira kuti akwaniritse kulekerera kolondola kwa OD ndi makulidwe a khoma.
CHITHANDIZO CHA KUTENTHA
Kuzimitsa ndi kutenthetsa kuti mupeze zinthu zofunika pamakina (mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu yotulutsa, kuuma, ndi kulimba).
KUWONGOLETSA & KUDULA
Machubu amawongoledwa ndikudulidwa kutalika koyenera (6–12m) kapena kutalika kosankhidwa ndi kasitomala. Maulumikizidwe apamwamba (NC, LTC, kapena ulusi wopangidwa mwamakonda) amapangidwa ngati pakufunika.
KUYESA KOSAWONONGA (NDT)
Njira monga kuyesa kwa ultrasound (UT) ndi magnetic particle inspection (MPI) zimatsimikizira kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kolimba komanso kuti mapaipi alibe chilema.
Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza
Machubu amamangidwa pamodzi, amatetezedwa ndi utoto woteteza dzimbiri, ndipo amapakidwa kuti anyamulidwe (oyenera kutumizidwa mu chidebe kapena katundu wambiri).
Chithandizo Chachilankhulo cha ChisipanishiOfesi yathu yapafupi ku Madrid imapereka chithandizo chaukadaulo mu Chisipanishi chomwe chimapereka njira yotumizira zinthu mosavuta komanso chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri kwa makasitomala ku Central ndi South America konse.
Zinthu Zomwe Zilipo: Yodalirika Timasunga chitoliro chachitsulo chambiri m'manja mwathu kuti tithe kudzaza oda yanu mwachangu kuti tikuthandizeni kumaliza ntchito yanu nthawi yake.
Kupaka KotetezekaChitoliro chilichonse chimakulungidwa payekhapayekha ndikutsekedwa ndi zigawo za thovu, zomwe zimadzazidwanso ndi thumba la pulasitiki, chitolirocho sichingawonongeke kapena kusokonekera panthawi yoyendera, izi zidzatsimikizira chitetezo cha chinthucho.
Kutumiza Mwachangu komanso Mogwira MtimaTimapereka kutumiza katundu padziko lonse lapansi mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko yanu ya polojekiti, ndipo kutumiza katunduyo kudzakhala kodalirika komanso kothandiza kwambiri pa nthawi yake.
Kupaka ndi Kutumiza Machubu Achitsulo Chapamwamba Kwambiri ku Central America
Kupaka KolimbaMachubu athu achitsulo amadzazidwa bwino m'mapaleti amatabwa opangidwa ndi IPPC omwe amagwirizana ndi miyezo yotumizira kunja ya Central America. Phukusi lililonse lili ndi nembanemba yosalowa madzi ya magawo atatu kuti isagwere nyengo yozizira, pomwe zipewa zapulasitiki zimaletsa fumbi ndi zinthu zakunja kulowa mkati mwa machubu. Mapaleti olemera ndi matani awiri mpaka atatu omwe amakwanira ma cranes ang'onoang'ono ngati amenewo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamalo omanga m'derali.
Zosankha Zautali Zapadera: Kutalika kwanthawi zonse ndi mamita 12, komwe kumatha kunyamulidwa mosavuta ndi chidebe. Muthanso kupeza kutalika kwafupikitsa kwa mamita 10 kapena mamita 8 chifukwa cha zovuta zoyendera pamtunda m'maiko otentha monga Guatemala ndi Honduras.
Zolemba zonse ndi Utumiki: Tipereka zikalata zonse zofunika kuti zinthu zilowe mosavuta monga Chikalata Choyambira cha Chisipanishi (fomu B), Chikalata cha Zinthu cha MTC, Lipoti la SGS, Mndandanda Wolongedza ndi Invoice Yamalonda. Zikalata zolakwika zidzakonzedwa ndikutumizidwanso mkati mwa maola 24 kuti zitsimikizire kuti katunduyo wachotsedwa mosavuta.
Kutumiza ndi Kukonza Zinthu Kodalirika: Zinthu zikapangidwa, zimaperekedwa kwa wotumiza katundu wosalowerera ndale amene amazinyamula pamtunda ndi panyanja. Nthawi zambiri zoyendera ndi izi:
China → Panama (Doko la Colon): masiku 30
China→Mexico ( Manzanillo Port): masiku 28
China → Costa Rica Costa Rica (Doko la Limon): masiku 35
Timaperekanso kutumiza katundu kuchokera ku doko kupita ku malo omanga mafuta kapena malo omangira, tikugwira ntchito ndi mabungwe ogwirizana nawo monga TMM ku Panama kuti tithe kuyendetsa bwino katundu womaliza.
1. Kodi n'chiyaniAPI 5CT?
API 5CT ndiye muyezo wamakampani opangira zitsime zamafuta ndi mapaipi, zomwe zimafotokoza kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mawonekedwe a makina, ndi kukula kwa mapaipi achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi.
2. Kodi magiredi ofanana a API 5CT casing ndi chubu ndi ati?
Magiredi wamba akuphatikizapo J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, ndi P110, iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu zosiyana komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito:
J55 / K55: Mphamvu yochepa, yoyenera zitsime zosaya kwambiri.
N80 / L80: Mphamvu yapakati, yoyenera zitsime zakuya, ndipo L80 imapereka njira zosagwira dzimbiri.
C90 / P110: Yamphamvu kwambiri, yoyenera zitsime zamphamvu komanso zozama.
3. Kodi ntchito zazikulu za giredi iliyonse ndi ziti?
J55 / K55: Zitsime zosaya kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.
N80 / L80: Zitsime zapakati mpaka zakuya, kupanikizika kwakukulu; L80 ya malo okhala ndi CO₂/H₂S.
C90 / P110: Zitsime zozama, zodzaza ndi mphamvu yamagetsi komanso malo ozungulira kwambiri.
4. Kodi mapaipi awa ndi opanda msoko kapena olumikizidwa?
Machubu ambiri a API 5CT ndi machubu ndi opanda msoko (SMLS) kuti atsimikizire kuti mphamvu ya kuthamanga kwamphamvu ndi yokwera, ngakhale pali mitundu ina yapadera yolumikizidwa.
5. Kodi mapaipi a API 5CT angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo owononga?
Inde. Magiredi monga L80, C90, ndi P110 akhoza kuperekedwa ngati chitsulo chosagwira dzimbiri (CRS), chopangidwira H₂S, CO₂, kapena mikhalidwe ya chloride yambiri.
6. Kodi mapaipi a API 5CT amayesedwa bwanji?
Amayesedwa ndi makina (kukakamiza, kukulitsa, kutalikitsa), kusanthula kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndi NDT (Kuyesa Kosawononga) monga kuwunika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ultrasonic kapena magnetic kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za API 5CT.
Tsatanetsatane Wolumikizirana
Adilesi
Malo oyendetsera chitukuko cha Kangsheng,
Chigawo cha Wuqing, mzinda wa Tianjin, China.
Maola
Lolemba-Lamlungu: Utumiki wa maola 24










