Chitoliro cha API vs 3PE Chitoliro

M'mapulojekiti akuluakulu a uinjiniya monga mafuta, gasi, ndi madzi am'matauni, mapaipi amakhala ngati maziko a kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu. Chitoliro cha API ndi chitoliro cha 3PE, zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mapaipi, nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa patsogolo ndi magulu a engineering. Komabe, amasiyana kwambiri pamapangidwe, mawonekedwe amachitidwe, ndi zochitika zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika. Kumvetsetsa bwino za mawonekedwe awo ndikofunikira kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yabwino.

Tanthauzo ndi Zochitika Zazikulu Zogwiritsira Ntchito

Chitoliro cha API, chachidule cha "American Petroleum Institute Standard Steel Pipe," chimapangidwa motsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi mongaAPI 5L chitoliro chachitsulo. Amapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo amapangidwa kudzera muzitsulo zosasunthika kapena zowotcherera. Mphamvu zake zazikulu zimakhala pakupanikizika kwambiri komanso kulimba kwamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakanikizidwe apamwamba monga mapaipi akutali amafuta ndi gasi komanso manifolds amtundu wa shale. Kukhazikika kwake pakutentha kwambiri kuyambira -40 ° C mpaka 120 ° C kumapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lofunikira pakuyendetsa mphamvu.

Chitoliro cha 3PE chimayimira "chitoliro chachitsulo chokhala ndi zigawo zitatu za polyethylene anti-corrosion". Amagwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chachitsulo wamba ngati maziko, okutidwa ndi mawonekedwe osanjikiza atatu odana ndi dzimbiri opangidwa ndi zokutira za ufa wa epoxy (FBE), zomatira, ndi polyethylene. Mapangidwe ake apakati amayang'ana kwambiri chitetezo cha dzimbiri, kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa chitoliro polekanitsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi ma electrolyte kuchokera pazitsulo zachitsulo. M'malo owononga kwambiri monga madzi am'matauni, kutsuka kwa zimbudzi, ndi kayendedwe ka mankhwala amadzimadzi, chitoliro cha 3PE chimatha kukhala ndi moyo wautumiki wazaka zopitilira 50, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yotsimikizika yothana ndi dzimbiri pomanga mapaipi apansi panthaka.

Kuyerekeza Kwamagwiridwe Ofunika Kwambiri

Kuchokera pamawonedwe apakati pa ntchito, mapaipi awiriwa amasiyana momveka bwino momwe amachitira. Pankhani yamakina, chitoliro cha API nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo kuposa 355 MPa, yokhala ndi magiredi apamwamba kwambiri (mongaAPI 5L X80) kufika pa 555 MPa, yokhoza kupirira zovuta zogwiritsira ntchito zopitirira 10 MPa. Chitoliro cha 3PE, kumbali ina, chimadalira kwambiri chitoliro chachitsulo chapansi kuti chikhale champhamvu, ndipo wosanjikiza wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri wokhawokha alibe mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pamayendedwe apakatikati ndi otsika (makamaka ≤4 MPa).

Mapaipi a 3PE ali ndi mwayi waukulu pakukana dzimbiri. Mapangidwe awo a magawo atatu amapanga chotchinga chapawiri cha "kudzipatula kwakuthupi + chitetezo chamankhwala." Mayeso opopera mchere akuwonetsa kuti dzimbiri lawo ndi 1/50 chabe ya chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda kanthu. PameneAPI mapaipiakhoza kutetezedwa ku dzimbiri kudzera mu malata ndi kupenta, mphamvu zawo m'malo okwiriridwa kapena pansi pa madzi akadali otsika kuposa mapaipi a 3PE, zomwe zimafuna njira zowonjezera zotetezera cathodic, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama za polojekiti.

Njira Zosankhira ndi Mayendedwe Amakampani

Kusankhidwa kwa projekiti kuyenera kutsata mfundo ya "mawonekedwe oyenera": Ngati sing'anga yotumizira ndi mafuta kapena gasi wothamanga kwambiri, kapena malo ogwirira ntchito akukumana ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, mapaipi a API amakondedwa, okhala ndi zitsulo zachitsulo monga X65 ndi X80 zomwe zikugwirizana ndi kukakamizidwa. Pamadzi okwiriridwa kapena kunyamula madzi onyansa amadzi, mapaipi a 3PE ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo makulidwe a anti-corrosion wosanjikiza ayenera kusinthidwa molingana ndi dothi la corrosivity level.

Zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano zamakampani ndi "kuphatikizana kwa magwiridwe antchito." Makampani ena akuphatikiza zida zoyambira zamphamvu kwambiri za chitoliro cha API ndi mawonekedwe odana ndi dzimbiri osanjikiza atatu a chitoliro cha 3PE kuti apange "chitoliro champhamvu chotsutsana ndi dzimbiri." Mapaipiwa amakwaniritsa zofunikira za kufalikira kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso kuteteza dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Mapaipiwa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kale kwambiri popanga mafuta ndi gasi m'nyanja yakuya komanso ntchito zopatutsa madzi m'mabeseni. Njira yatsopanoyi imapereka njira yabwinoko yopangira mapaipi.