Chitoliro cha chitsulo cha kaboni, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mafuta, uinjiniya wa mankhwala, ndi zomangamanga. Mapaipi odziwika bwino achitsulo cha kaboni amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthikandichitoliro chachitsulo choswedwa.
Ponena za njira yopangira ndi kapangidwe kake, chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chimapangidwa kudzera mu kugwedezeka kapena kutulutsa kwa integral, popanda mipiringidzo yolumikizidwa. Chimapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba, chimatha kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kutentha, ndipo ndi choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna chitetezo cha chitoliro chokhwima.
Chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa, kumbali ina, chimapangidwa ndi mbale zachitsulo zozungulira ndi zolumikizira, zokhala ndi cholumikizira chimodzi kapena zingapo. Ngakhale izi zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso mtengo wotsika, magwiridwe ake pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri komanso malo ovuta kwambiri ndi otsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi chitoliro chosasunthika.
Pa chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika, Q235 ndi A36 ndi magiredi otchuka. Chitoliro chachitsulo cha Q235 ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi kaboni chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China. Ndi mphamvu yotulutsa ya 235 MPa, chimapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kusinthasintha pamtengo wotsika. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga mapaipi othandizira kapangidwe kake, mapaipi amadzimadzi otsika mphamvu, ndi ntchito zina, monga mapaipi operekera madzi okhala m'nyumba ndi kumanga chimango chachitsulo cha nyumba wamba za fakitale.
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni cha A36ndi giredi yokhazikika ya ku America. Mphamvu yake yobereka ndi yofanana ndi Q235, koma imapereka mphamvu yokoka komanso kulimba kwamphamvu. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi otsika mphamvu popanga makina ndi kupanga mafuta, monga kukonza zida zazing'ono zamakaniko ndi mapaipi otsika mphamvu m'minda yamafuta.
Pa chitoliro chachitsulo choswedwa,Chitoliro chachitsulo chosungunuka cha Q235Ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri olumikizirana, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti otumizira mpweya m'mizinda komanso otumizira madzi otsika mphamvu. Chitoliro cholumikizidwa cha A36, kumbali ina, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi amakampani otsika mphamvu omwe ali ndi zofunikira zina zamphamvu, monga mapaipi onyamula zinthu otsika mphamvu m'mafakitale ang'onoang'ono a mankhwala.
| Miyeso Yoyerekeza | Chitoliro chachitsulo cha Q235 | Chitoliro cha A36 Carbon Steel |
| Dongosolo Loyenera | Muyezo Wadziko Lonse wa China (GB/T 700-2006 "Chitsulo Chopangira Mpweya") | Bungwe la American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM A36/A36M-22 "Mbale, Mawonekedwe, ndi Mipiringidzo ya Chitsulo cha Carbon for Structural Use") |
| Mphamvu Yopereka (Yocheperako) | 235 MPa (makulidwe ≤ 16 mm) | 250 MPa (mu makulidwe onse) |
| Mphamvu Yolimba Yolimba | 375-500 MPa | 400-550 MPa |
| Zofunikira pa Kulimba kwa Mphamvu | Kuyesa kwa -40°C kumafunika kokha pamagiredi ena (monga Q235D); palibe lamulo lofunikira pamagiredi ofanana. | Zofunikira: -18°C mayeso okhudzika (miyezo yochepa); kulimba kotsika kutentha bwino pang'ono kuposa magiredi achikhalidwe a Q235 |
| Zochitika Zazikulu Zogwiritsira Ntchito | Kapangidwe ka zomangamanga (zomangamanga zachitsulo, zothandizira), mapaipi amadzi/gasi otsika mphamvu, ndi zida zonse zamakina | Kupanga makina (zigawo zazing'ono ndi zapakatikati), mapaipi otsika mphamvu yamafuta, mapaipi amadzimadzi otsika mphamvu ya mafakitale |
Ponseponse, mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko komanso olumikizidwa ali ndi ubwino wake. Pogula, makasitomala ayenera kuganizira zofunikira pa kuthamanga ndi kutentha kwa ntchitoyo, komanso bajeti yawo, ndikusankha giredi yoyenera, monga Q235 kapena A36, kuti atsimikizire kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino komanso yotetezeka.
GULU LA MFUMU
Adilesi
Malo oyendetsera chitukuko cha Kangsheng,
Chigawo cha Wuqing, mzinda wa Tianjin, China.
Maola
Lolemba-Lamlungu: Utumiki wa maola 24
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-03-2025