Mu dongosolo lalikulu la makampani opanga mafuta, chidebe cha mafuta chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.Chitoliro chachitsuloimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira khoma la chitsime cha zitsime za mafuta ndi gasi. Ndi chinsinsi choonetsetsa kuti njira yobowola mafuta ikuyenda bwino komanso kuti chitsime cha mafuta chizigwira ntchito bwino pambuyo pomaliza. Chitsime chilichonse chimafuna zigawo zingapo za chivundikiro chifukwa cha kuya kosiyanasiyana kwa kubowola ndi mikhalidwe ya geological. Chivundikirocho chitatsitsidwa m'chitsimecho, simenti imafunika. Mosiyana ndi mapaipi amafuta ndi mapaipi obowola, ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumawononga zoposa 70% ya mapaipi onse a zitsime zamafuta. Malinga ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito, chivundikiro chamafuta chingagawidwe m'mapaipi otsogolera, zivundikiro zapamtunda, zivundikiro zaukadaulo, ndi zivundikiro zamafuta.
Anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri amasokoneza chidebe cha mafuta ndiChitoliro cha API, koma pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa ziwirizi. Chitoliro cha API ndi mtundu wa chitoliro motsatira malangizo ogwirira ntchito omwe adapangidwa ndikufalitsidwa ndi American Petroleum Institute, omwe amakhudza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga mafuta. Chitoliro cha mafuta ndi chitoliro chapadera chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukonza khoma kapena chitsime cha zitsime za mafuta ndi gasi. Mwachidule, chitoliro cha API ndi muyezo, ndipo chitoliro cha mafuta ndi chitoliro chopangidwa kutengera muyezo uwu ndipo chili ndi cholinga chake.
Chidebe cha mafuta chili ndi makhalidwe ambiri ofunikira. Malinga ndi mphamvu, chingagawidwe m'magulu osiyanasiyana achitsulo malinga ndi mphamvu ya chitsulocho,monga J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150, ndi zina zotero., kuti azitha kusintha malinga ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chitsime ndi kuya kwa chitsime. M'madera omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe yovuta ya geology, chivundikirocho chimafunika kuti chikhale ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino oletsa kugwa, chikhale chotha kupirira kupsinjika kwa miyala yozungulira, ndikuletsa chivundikirocho kuti chisawonongeke komanso kuwonongeka. M'malo omwe ali ndi chiopsezo cha dzimbiri, chivundikirocho chiyenera kukhala cholimba kuti chisachepetse khoma la chitoliro ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha dzimbiri, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino komanso moyo wautumiki wa chivundikiro cha mafuta.
Chidebe cha mafuta chili ndi malo osasinthika popanga mafuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwapadera, kusiyana kwake ndi mapaipi a API, ndi makhalidwe ake onse ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti makampani amafuta azigwira ntchito bwino komanso motetezeka.
GULU LA MFUMU
Adilesi
Malo oyendetsera chitukuko cha Kangsheng,
Chigawo cha Wuqing, mzinda wa Tianjin, China.
Maola
Lolemba-Lamlungu: Utumiki wa maola 24
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-18-2025