Lumikizanani nafe kuti mudziwe zambiri za kukula kwake
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha API 5CT N80 Chobowolera Mafuta ndi Gasi Chitoliro champhamvu kwambiri cha Mafuta
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
| Dzina la Chinthu | Chitoliro Choyika Mafuta cha API 5CT N80 |
| Muyezo | API 5CT |
| Kalasi yachitsulo | N80 |
| Mulingo Wofotokozera | PSL1 / PSL2 |
| Makulidwe a M'mimba mwake akunja | 4 1/2" – 20" (114.3 mm – 508 mm) |
| Kukhuthala kwa Khoma | SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, XXH kapena API yokhazikika yokhazikika |
| Njira Yopangira | Chitoliro cha Chitsulo Chopanda Msoko, Chitoliro cha Mphamvu Yapakatikati, Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha Mafuta ndi Gasi |
| Mtundu Womaliza | Mapeto Opanda Ulusi (PE), Olumikizidwa ndi Ulusi & Olumikizidwa (TC), Olumikizidwa (Pin & Bokosi) |
| Kutalika kwa Utali | 5.8 m – 12.2 m (Zosinthika) |
| Zipewa Zoteteza | Zipewa zapulasitiki / Zipewa za rabara / Zipewa zamatabwa |
| Chithandizo cha Pamwamba | Mafuta Achilengedwe, Opakidwa Varnish, Opaka Utoto Wakuda, Oletsa Dzimbiri |
| Zosankha Zophimba | FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Yophimbidwa ndi Konkriti), CRA Clad kapena Lined |
| Mapulogalamu | Kuboola Mafuta ndi Gasi, Kuyendera Mafuta, Chidebe cha Zitsime za Mafuta, Kumanga Maziko |
| Giredi | C (Kaboni) | Mn (Manganese) | P (Phosphorus) | S (Sulfure) | Si (Silikoni) | Cr (Chromium) | Mo (Molybdenum) | Ni (Nikeli) | Cu (Mkuwa) | Ndemanga |
| N80 | 0.33 payokha | 1.40 payokha | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.035 pasadakhale | 0.35 pasadakhale | – | – | – | – | Mphamvu yapakati, zitsime zakuya |
| Giredi | Mphamvu Yopereka (YS) | Mphamvu Yopereka (YS) | Mphamvu Yokoka (TS) | Mphamvu Yokoka (TS) | Ndemanga |
| ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | ||
| N80 | 80 | 550 | 95–115 | 655–795 | Mphamvu yapakati, zitsime zakuya |
Tchati cha Kukula kwa Chubu cha Chitsulo Chosasemphana cha API 5CT T95
| Chidutswa chakunja (mu / mm) | Kukhuthala kwa Khoma (mu / mm) | Ndandanda / Kuchuluka | Ndemanga |
| 4 1/2" (114.3 mm) | 0.337" – 0.500" (8.56 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 5" (127.0 mm) | 0.362" – 0.500" (9.19 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 5 1/2" (139.7 mm) | 0.375" – 0.531" (9.53 – 13.49 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 6 5/8" (168.3 mm) | 0.432" – 0.625" (10.97 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 7" (177.8 mm) | 0.500" – 0.625" (12.7 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 8 5/8" (219.1 mm) | 0.500" – 0.750" (12.7 – 19.05 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 9 5/8" (244.5 mm) | 0.531" – 0.875" (13.49 – 22.22 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 10 3/4" (273.1 mm) | 0.594" – 0.937" (15.08 – 23.8 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 13 3/8" (339.7 mm) | 0.750" – 1.125" (19.05 – 28.58 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 16" (406.4 mm) | 0.844" – 1.250" (21.44 – 31.75 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
| 20" (508 mm) | 1.000" – 1.500" (25.4 – 38.1 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Muyezo |
Dinani batani la kumanja
PSL1 (Kufotokozera Zamalonda Mulingo 1)
PSL1 ndiye giredi yokhazikika mu muyezo wa API 5L. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsime zamafuta ndi gasi zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino. Mlingo wowunikira ndi kuwongolera khalidwe siwokhwima kwambiri kuposa PSL2 zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zochepa popanga ndi kugula.
PSL2 (Kufotokozera Zamalonda Mulingo 2)
PSL2 ndi muyezo wapamwamba kwambiri wa mapaipi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, monga kupanikizika kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri (HPHT), kapena kuboola mozama kwambiri. Uwu ndi muyezo wovuta kwambiri wokhala ndi malire olimba a kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kuyang'ana bwino kwambiri mawonekedwe a makina komanso njira zowongolera khalidwe molimbika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kudalirika komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.
| Mbali | PSL1 | PSL2 |
| Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala | Zofunikira pakuwongolera mankhwala | Malire a mankhwala olondola komanso oletsa kwambiri |
| Katundu wa Makina | Zofunikira pakukula kwabwino komanso mphamvu yokoka | Kusasinthasintha kwapamwamba komanso kutsimikizika kwamphamvu kowonjezereka |
| Kuyesa | Kuyang'anira koyambira nthawi zonse | Njira zina zoyezera ndi mayeso osawononga (NDE) |
| Chitsimikizo chadongosolo | Njira zowongolera khalidwe lonse | Kutsata kwathunthu ndi kasamalidwe kabwino kwambiri |
| Mtengo | Zotsika mtengo kwambiri | Zapamwamba chifukwa cha zofunikira zovuta |
| Ntchito Yachizolowezi | Zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi zachikhalidwe | Malo obowola mozama, kutentha kwambiri, komanso odzaza ndi mphamvu |
Chidule:
Machubu achitsulo chosasunthika a API 5CT T95 amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa ntchito zovuta za zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi komwe mphamvu, kulimba, ndi kudalirika ndizofunikira kwambiri.
| Malo Ofunsira | Kufotokozera |
| Chidebe cha Zitsime za Mafuta ndi Gasi | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro champhamvu kwambiri cha zitsime zakuya komanso zakuya kwambiri kuti zithandizire kulimba kwa chitsimecho pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kutentha. |
| Machubu a Mafuta ndi Gasi | Imagwira ntchito ngati mapaipi opangira mafuta ndi gasi, kuonetsetsa kuti madzi amanyamula bwino komanso motetezeka. |
| Ntchito Zobowola | Imathandizira kuboola m'malo ovuta, kuphatikizapo zitsime za HPHT zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi komanso kutentha kwambiri. |
| Zitsime za m'madzi akuya ndi za m'mphepete mwa nyanja | Yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi akuya komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zokoka komanso kukana dzimbiri. |
| Zitsime Zotentha Kwambiri ndi Zotentha Kwambiri | Yoyenera mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri pomwe machubu wamba sangathe kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina ndi kutentha. |
KUKONZEKERA Zipangizo Zosaphika
Kusankha ma billets a carbon steel apamwamba kwambiri.
Kutsimikizira kapangidwe ka mankhwala kuti kakwaniritse zofunikira za mtundu wa T95.
KUTENTHA
Ma billets amatenthedwa mu uvuni mpaka kutentha koyenera (nthawi zambiri 1150–1250°C).
KUBOOLA NDI KUGULITSA
Ma billet otentha amabowoledwa kuti apange chipolopolo chopanda kanthu.
Kenako zipolopolo zimakulungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphero yopanda msoko kuti zifike pa mulifupi wakunja (OD) ndi makulidwe a khoma.
KUCHEPETSA NDI KUTCHULA MAGALIMOTO
Machubu amadutsa m'mafakitale ochepetsa kufalikira kuti akwaniritse kulekerera kolondola kwa OD ndi makulidwe a khoma.
CHITHANDIZO CHA KUTENTHA
Kuzimitsa ndi kutenthetsa kuti mupeze zinthu zofunika pamakina (mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu yotulutsa, kuuma, ndi kulimba).
KUWONGOLETSA & KUDULA
Machubu amawongoledwa ndikudulidwa kutalika koyenera (6–12m) kapena kutalika kosankhidwa ndi kasitomala. Maulumikizidwe apamwamba (NC, LTC, kapena ulusi wopangidwa mwamakonda) amapangidwa ngati pakufunika.
KUYESA KOSAWONONGA (NDT)
Njira monga kuyesa kwa ultrasound (UT) ndi magnetic particle inspection (MPI) zimatsimikizira kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kolimba komanso kuti mapaipi alibe chilema.
Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza
Machubu amamangidwa pamodzi, amatetezedwa ndi utoto woteteza dzimbiri, ndipo amapakidwa kuti anyamulidwe (oyenera kutumizidwa mu chidebe kapena katundu wambiri).
Zambiri Zosungidwa:Timasunga zinthu zambiri komanso njira yolimba yopangira zinthu, zomwe zimatithandiza kuyankha mwachangu maoda anu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mapulojekiti anu akupita patsogolo bwino.
Ma phukusi Otetezeka:Chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulo chimatsekedwa payokha ndi zigawo zingapo za thovu lophimba kenako thumba la pulasitiki lakunja kuti liwonetsetse kuti silikuwonongeka kapena kusokonekera panthawi yonyamulidwa, motero kutsimikizira chitetezo cha chinthucho.
Kutumiza Mwachangu komanso Mogwira Mtima:Ndi chithandizo champhamvu cha zinthu, titha kutumiza zinthu kumisika yapadziko lonse modalirika komanso panthawi yake malinga ndi ndandanda yanu ya polojekiti.
Kutumiza Zinthu Zamphamvu Kunja
Mapaipi athu osasunthika a api 5ct amaikidwa bwino m'mapaleti amatabwa ovomerezedwa ndi IPPC omwe amatsatira malamulo a ku Malaysia olowera ndi kuyika anthu m'malo otetezedwa. Paketi iliyonse imakutidwa ndi chitetezo chosalowa madzi cha magawo atatu kuti ipirire nyengo yozizira ya ku Malaysia. Kuphatikiza apo, zipewa zapulasitiki kapena zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti fumbi, chinyezi, ndi zinyalala zisalowe m'mapaipi panthawi yonyamula. Paketi iliyonse nthawi zambiri imalemera matani 2-3, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutsitsa pogwiritsa ntchito ma forklift kapena ma crane omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo omanga ndi madoko aku Malaysia.
Zosankha Zosinthasintha za Utali
Utali wa chitoliro chachitsulo cha api 5ct ndi mamita 12, chokonzedwa bwino kuti chizinyamula ziwiya. Kuti tikwaniritse zofunikira pa mayendedwe am'deralo komanso zofunikira pa ntchito ku Malaysia, timaperekanso kutalika koyenera monga mamita 10 kapena mamita 8, komwe ndikosavuta kunyamula ndi galimoto yayikulu kupita ku malo opangira mafuta, malo omanga, ndi mapulojekiti omanga.
Zolembedwa Zonse & Thandizo Lotumiza Kunja
Timapereka zikalata zonse zotumizira kunja kuti zitsimikizire kuti misonkho ikuperekedwa bwino ku Malaysia, kuphatikizapo:
Satifiketi Yoyambira (Fomu E kapena muyezo wa CO)
Satifiketi Yoyesera ya Mill (MTC)
Lipoti Lowunikira la SGS / Gulu Lachitatu
Mndandanda wazolongedza
Inivoyisi yamalonda
Ngati zikalata zilizonse zikufunika kusinthidwa, gulu lathu lidzazikonzanso ndikuzitumizanso mkati mwa maola 24 kuti tipewe kuchedwa kwa chilolezo cha msonkho.
Kutumiza ndi Kukonza Zinthu Kodalirika
Pambuyo popangidwa, katunduyo amanyamulidwa kudzera mwa ogwirizana nawo odalirika otumizira katundu padziko lonse lapansi kudzera pa sitima yapamadzi. Nthawi zambiri zoyendera ndi monga:
China → Port Klang, Malaysia: ~10-12 masiku
China → Doko la Penang: ~masiku 10–13
China → Johor Port (Pasir Gudang): ~ masiku 9-12
Timathandizanso kutumiza katundu kuchokera ku doko kupita ku pulojekiti, pogwira ntchito ndi ogwirizana nawo aku Malaysia kuti tiwonetsetse kuti katunduyo akuyenda bwino kuchokera ku doko kupita ku malo opangira mafuta ndi gasi, mapulojekiti omanga nyumba, kapena malo omanga.
1. Kodi n'chiyaniAPI 5CT?
API 5CT ndiye muyezo wamakampani opangira zitsime zamafuta ndi mapaipi, zomwe zimafotokoza kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mawonekedwe a makina, ndi kukula kwa mapaipi achitsulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zitsime zamafuta ndi gasi.
2. Kodi magiredi otchuka a API 5CT casing ndi chubu ndi ati?
Magiredi wamba ndi J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, ndi P110, onse amasiyana malinga ndi mphamvu ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi awa:
J55 / K55: Mphamvu yochepa, ya zitsime zosaya kwambiri.
N80 / L80: Mphamvu yapakati ya zitsime zakuya, njira zothetsera dzimbiri zomwe zikupezeka pa L80.
C90 / P110: Mphamvu kwambiri, mphamvu yamphamvu komanso zitsime zozama.
3. Kodi ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa giredi iliyonse ndi ziti?
J55 / K55: Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsime zosaya kwambiri komanso zopanikiza pang'ono.
N80 / L80: Zitsime zapakati mpaka zakuya, kupanikizika kwakukulu; L80 ya malo ozungulira CO₂/H₂S.
C90 / P110: Zitsime zozama, zodzaza ndi mphamvu zambiri, komanso ntchito yovuta.
4. Kodi machubu awa ndi opanda msoko kapena olumikizidwa?
Machubu ndi kabati ya API 5CT nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda msoko (SMLS), kuti apereke mphamvu yolimba, koma pali zinthu zingapo zolumikizidwa zomwe zasinthidwa mwamakonda.
5. Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito machubu a API 5CT m'malo okhala ndi dzimbiri?
Inde. Magiredi a L80, C90 ndi P110 akhoza kuperekedwa ngati CI (corrosion inverse carbon steel (CRS)) pa malo a H₂S, CO₂ kapena okhala ndi chloride yambiri.
6. Kodi mapaipi a API 5CT amayesedwa bwanji?
Kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za API 5CT, amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zamakaniko (tensile, yield, elongation), chemical ndi NDE (Non-Destructive Examination) monga UT kapena MPI testing.
Tsatanetsatane Wolumikizirana
Adilesi
Malo oyendetsera chitukuko cha Kangsheng,
Chigawo cha Wuqing, mzinda wa Tianjin, China.
Maola
Lolemba-Lamlungu: Utumiki wa maola 24
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